Malaysia maps

The Johor Racing Circuit

The 3.86km circuit in Pasir Gudang was developed by the Johor State Economic Development Corporation and promoted by Sports Communications Sdn Bhd, in accordance with the standards set by the Federation Internationale Motorcyclists and Federation Internationale Automobile. The circuit is built on undulating terrain with twelve challenging corners and it offers excellent viewing for spectators. Events hosted yearly include the World Superbike, World Endurance, and the Johor Race Series for cars and bikes

Sibu / Tengah / Tinggi / Besar & Rawa Island

The Marine Parks of Johor are centered around the islands of Sibu, Mentinggi, Tinggi, Besar, Tengah, Hujung, and Rawa. Lying a few nautical miles off the coast of Mersing, the islands are surrounded by deep blue waters, fine white beaches, and colorful coral reefs. Swim to your heart's content in the cool clear water or go snorkeling in the fascinating depths where an underwater treasure throve awaits your discovery. The wondrous colors and sheer artistry of the coral garden also offers ample scope for underwater photography.

Gunung Pulai Recreational Forest

This 8-hectare forest reserve is a catchment area of unique flora and fauna and a fascinating recreational haven. Along the course of a river are several waterfalls with pools at its bottom. Apart from being an ideal picnic spot, the forest is a favorite venue for seminars and workcamps and is a focal point for adventurers trekking to the summit of Gunung Pulai.

Mount Ophir

The mountain is said to be the home of a legendary Princess, "Puteri Gunung Ledang", who was once wooed by the last Sultan of Malacca, Sultan Mahmud Shah. The mountain is a favorite among local mountaineers in search of excitement and adventure. The sagil waterfall at its base is a favorite picnic spot. Crystal clear rivers and breathtaking waterfalls in tranquil, unspoiled environment beckon visitors to this area for a cooling bath or quiet rest. There are also tracks leading to the summit of Gunung Ledang.

Tanjung Piai

Located at the southern most tip of mainland Asia, 75km from JB, Tanjung Piai is famous for its mangrove swamplands, which are homes to many exotic aquatic life-forms, including multicolored mangrove crabs, beady-eyed mudskippers, and crab-eating macaques. Here, one can see "Gula Melaka" (palm sugar) processed the traditional way and experience the lifestyle of a typical Malay Kampung community. Tanjung Piai is also home to one of nature's rarely seen spectacular phenomena, the fireflies. When certain conditions prevail, these fireflies will swarm and transform the mangrove swamp into a twinkling wonderland

Muar

Also know as Bandar Maharani, Muar is a picturesque town popular for delicious yet inexpensive food. A town where trishaws and bicycles abound, Muar bears a striking resemblance to Malacca geographically, culturally, and in terms of their interconnecting historical and commercial roles. It is also known as the home of the "ghazal" music, a traditional Malay culture that remains very popular with the older folk.

Desaru

A major tourist attraction, Desaru the "Village of Casuarinas", is just 8km northeast of JB. Situated on a 25km stretch of virtually untouched beaches, it is ideal for swimming, snorkeling, boating, canoeing, windsurfing, water-skiing, catamaran-sailing, and even jungle trekking. One can also make arrangements for night fishing on a floating pontoon. There are two first class beach resorts, several chalets, and other amenities. Golf enthusiasts can try a round of their favorite game at the nearby 18-hole international standard golf course. Food stalls and restaurants provide some of the finest Malay, Chinese, and Western cuisine.

Johor Lama (Old Johor)

Johor Lama is a small quiet village 19km from Kota Tinggi on the banks of the Johor River. Historically, it holds many secrets to the past, particularly since it served as the seat of the Johor Sultanate after the fall of the final destruction of the town fort by the Portuguese in 1587. The earth mount fort has since been restored.

Located 56km north of JB, the Kota Tinggi Waterfalls have for years been renowned, not only for its continuous rush of cool waters that run down the slopes originating from Gunung Panti and cascades 34 meters into a pool deep enough for swimming, but also for its beautiful, tropical surroundings of flora and fauna. A few chalets have been built near the falls for visitors who wish to spend the night and be rejuvenated by the fresh mountain air. A restaurant serves both Chinese and Western food. There are also food stalls. A camping site has been opened for the young and adventurous. Ample parking space is available for buses, cars, and motorcycles.

Tanjung Balau Fishing Village

Visitors should visit this village, which is located close to Desaru, if they are looking for a taste of rustic life. Established in 1985 by the Johor Tenggara Development Authority (KEJORA), this village is an enriching experience for visitors who wish to learn about the arts, skills, and lifestyles of the Malay fishermen. Local fishermen's houses and dormitories are available for those who wish to stay overnight. One should also visit the Fishermen Museum, which preserves and displays material and information on fishing practices, taboos, and types of equipment used.

Gunung Arong Recreational Forest

Located approximately 17km from Mersing, Gunung Arong is a tranquil lowland forest with crystal clear waters, offering a refreshing retreat for visitors. A Forestry Museum has even been established with exhibits of various forest products. Picnic spots are provided for visitors, along with a well-equipped garden, campsites, and meeting halls. Jungle trails are also provided for the more adventurous visitors. Campers are advised to bring their own camping gear

Gunung Belumut Recreational Forest

This forest is located to the northeast of Kluang town. Its name is derived from the slippery and slimy stones that can be found all over the mountain. It takes about four hours to reach the peak, which is 1,004m above sea level. This forest is a haven for camping, picnicking, and mountain climbing. Gunung Belumut promises exotic vegetation and breathtaking waterfalls.

Mersing

Located 135km from Johor Bahru, Mersing is a small fishing village whose rivers bustle with fishing boats. It is also the departure point for boats that travel between the mainland and a number of islands in the South China Sea. They include Pulau Tioman, Pulau Rawa, Pulau Besar, and Pulau Sibu. There are a number of fine seafood restaurants in Mersing, along with an impressive mosque on a hill above the town. There are some good beaches nearby, including Sri Pantai, Sekakap, Air Papan, and Panyabong. Mersing is indeed a pleasant town that makes for quite a relaxing stopover

Batu Pahat

Batu Pahat is a regional business and conference center that is famous for its Chinese cuisine. It is also a favorite resting place for road travelers. A brief stop here should give you a chance to taste a wide range of fruits, groundnuts, and other local delicacies, as well as to buy souvenirs and curios. There are a few notable buildings, such as the Art Deco's mosque and the Chinese Chamber of Commerce building.

Johor Bahru (JB)

Located at the southern tip of the Peninsula, Johor Bahru is the state capital of Johor Darul Takzim. JB, in short, was established in 1855 by the late Sultan Abu Bakar (the Father of Modern Johor) and now serves as the administrative and commercial center of the state.

Johor

Situated at the southern end of Peninsula Malaysia, Johor is the third largest state in the country. It was named after the Sungei Johor, which is the longest river in the state. Economically, it is one of the most important states in the country with various large plantations. They include commodities such as rubber, palm oil, and pineapple. On top of agricultural products, Johor is also becoming an industrial base. It has even developed to become one of the most populated states with Johor Bahru (JB), its capital city, as the second-largest city in Malaysia. A causeway and a railway line connect JB to Singapore, thus making it easier to travel to and from each country.
It is believed that Sultan Mahmud Shah, the last ruler of Malacca, founded Johor when he was forced to flee from the Portuguese in 1511. After his death, his son Alauddin Riayat Shah moved the capital to Kota Tinggi in Johor. He was able to build a strong kingdom, was feared by many, and was able to make Johor a preeminent Malay state. However, this did not mean the end of turmoil and fights. In the 16th Century, the state was attacked by the Portuguese followed by the Achinese from Sumatra, and later the Bugis from Sundawesi (Celebes). However, the Malay rulers of Johor managed to hold their own fort against all odds.
When Sir Stamford Raffles set foot in Singapore in 1819, he witnessed the factional war within the court of the Johor Sultan, which was divided by Malay and Bugis factions. He pensioned off the sultans and gave actual power to the "temenggong" (Malay minister). Temenggong Abu Bakar was given that privilege to rule Johor. He elevated himself to the position of Sultan of Johor in 1886. He persevered to build up the state and to modernize its administration. He established Johor Bahru (New Johor) as the capital city and began modernizing it. He was thus aptly called "The Father of Modern Johor". Johor finally became part of the Federation of Malaya in 1948.

Pedu Lake

Settled in the midst of the dense rainforest of Gunung Fakir Terbang and surrounded by an undulating terrain, this magnificent lake offers a serenity that is unmatched, a landscape that is beautiful beyond words, and a refreshing cool environment.

Pulau Langkawi

A true tropical paradise, Langkawi is steeped in history. Its past is full of legends of wronged maidens and lovelorn princesses, all of whom have left their mark for prosperity.

Payar Island

About one hour's travel by boat from Kuala Kedah, Payar Island is part of a four-island group, which consists of Sagantang Island, Kala Island, and Lembu Island. Payar Island, in particular, is noted for its white sandy beaches and colorful marine life. It is a great place to enjoy water sports. A fascinating array of hard and soft corals and multicolored tropical fishes can be seen in the crystal clear waters. There are no accommodation facilities on these islands. Camping is only allowed after obtaining permission from the Fisheries Department at Alor Setar or Kuala Lumpur.

Waterfalls

There are a few parks in Kedah that are blessed with magnificent waterfalls. One favorite weekend retreat is Batu Kampar. Picnickers can revel in the cool depths of rocky pools while enjoying the thundering roars of the waterfall. Peranginan Bukit Hijau in the district of Baling offers another park, which features a waterfall amidst lush greenery. Other waterfalls include Puncak Janing and Seri Perigi

Bukit Kayu Hitam

This border town acts as the main entrance to Thailand. Most of the traffic between these two countries and all the buses to Hat Yai in Thailand come through this way. Apart from that, the Duty Free Shopping Annex offers shopping at bargain prices. For those who want some relaxation, there is a newly constructed golf course of international standard.

Kuala Kedah

Located about 12km from Alor Setar, this town is home to Kota Kuala Kedah. It is a fort that was built around 1770 to protect Kedah from enemies who came in from the sea. It is said that stone masons were specially brought in from India to build the fort. Today, it is a busy fishing village and a paradise for seafood.

Pantai Merdeka

Located approximately 60km south of Alor Setar, Pantai Merdeka is endowed with a stretch of white sunny beaches that are shaded with tall swaying palms. Water skiing and sailing are popular along this stretch of coastal water. One can also choose to have picnics here or just laze around. Pantai Merdeka makes a great place to relax and unwind

Alor Setar

The capital of Kedah state is approachable from all parts of the Peninsula by all transport means. Alor Setar has many modern structures and shopping complexes of historical significance.

Gunung Jerai

Formerly known as "Kedah Peak", this forest-clad Gunung Jerai is a massive limestone outcrop that rises 1200m above sea level. As the highest peak in the state, it adds a touch of variety to the scenic flat plains seen throughout the area.

Lembah Bujang (Bujang Valley)

Home to the most important Hindu-Buddhist kingdom in the Malay Peninsula, Lembah Bujang dates as far back as the 5th Century. By the 7th Century, it had become part of the huge Sriwijaya Empire of Sumatra. Lembah Bujang reached its architectural peak in the 9th and 10th Century; Hindu and Buddhist temples were scattered all over the area. Archeologists have unearthed more than 53 temples or "candis" (shrines). The kingdom had traded with India, Khmer, and Sriwijaya. It was a kingdom that was rich in history, culture, and trade. Nonetheless, the kingdom crumbled and temples were deserted with the coming of Islam in the 14th Century. These temples remained buried in the jungle until British archeologist Quatrich-Wales first excavated them in 1936. The Muzium Arkeologi Lembah Bujang (Bujang Valley Archeological Museum) chronicles these excavations. It also displays stone carvings, pottery shards, and other findings. Behind the museum, visitors will be treated to the sight of temples or "candis". The most significant and largest temple would be the 1000-year-old Candi Bukit Batu Pahat.

Kedah

Together with Perlis, Perak, and Kelantan, this northwest state shares a common border with Thailand in the north. Known as the "Rice Bowl of Malaysia", the Kedah-Perlis rice plains produce more than half of the country's home grown rice supply. It is a land of unique natural beauty, surrounded by much greenery. The terrain of Kedah is considered 'flat' with "kampungs" (villages) scattered over "padi" (rice) fields. One will be able to feast their eyes on lush green padi fields enhanced by traditional Malay houses, coconut palms, local fruit trees, and rolling hills. The people of Kedah are generally padi planters with most living in kampungs next to their fields. As one of the oldest states in Malaysia, Kedah has a population of approximately 1 million people, which is made up of various races. Kedah is very much a Malay state although traces of Thai or Achinese ancestry can still be seen. It has different business hours than most of the other states. Banks and government offices are closed on Friday. Saturday is a half-day and Sunday is a working day. Although Kedah is Malaysia's "rice bowl", the state is currently undertaking new fields, mainly industrial and tourism. Industrial estates have sprung up in Alor Setar, Kuala Kedah, and Sungai Petani while the government has started developing and promoting tourist facilities.
Modern Kedah begins with the Hindu-Buddhist era in the 5th Century. Even the current royal family's past can be traced to that century. Other findings also show that Kedah was the cradle of Hindu-Buddhist civilization in the Peninsula and one of the first places to come into contact with Indian traders. These archeological findings show that the state was once a prosperous center for trade. However, the history of Kedah is marked by successive periods of foreign influence due to its vulnerable position - it was located on one of the main transit routes across the Peninsula on the great east-west trade route. It first came under the influence of the Sriwijaya Empire of Sumatra during the 7th and 8th Century. Later, it fell under the influence of the Thais until the 15th Century when the rise of Melaka led to the Islamization of the area. The Portuguese later attacked Kedah in the 17th Century. The British held power in the 18th Century and the Siamese again in the 19th Century. Kedah remained under the Siamese control until early 20th Century when they were passed to the British. It finally became part of the Federation of Malaya in 1948.
Getting there
By Road : The north-south expressway has made it easy for any traveler to drive up to Kedah. Roads are accessible from major towns and cities in the Peninsula. It is a 7-8 hour drive from Kuala Lumpur. From major towns, such as Kuala Lumpur and Penang, air-conditioned express buses are also available. They service almost all towns in Kedah.
From Alor Setar, the capital city of Kedah, one can even take the bus up to the border of Thailand.
By Rail : The Malaysian railway (KTM) services major towns in Kedah.
By Air : The airport is located approximately 11km north of Alor Setar. Malaysia Airlines flies daily to and from Alor Setar from Kuala Lumpur via either Penang or Kota Bharu.

Beaches

Pantai Cahaya Bulan (PCB) was once known as the "Beach of Passionate Love". The name was then changed to the current name, which means the "Moonlight Beach". Located about 10km from Kota Bharu, its warm golden sands and crystal blue waters amidst tall and graceful palms encourages one to just lay on the sand and bask in the sun. It is a good place to visit on a sunny day. Another option is Pantai Dasar Sabak. This is one beach with a strong history. On December 7, 1941, the Pacific Theatre of WWII commenced on the beach and Japanese troops stormed ashore, a full half-hour before Japan conquered Pearl Harbor. Today, the beach is a quaint fishing village where the traditional way of life still goes on.
Located about 25km from Kota Bharu, Pantai Irama (Beach of melody) is believed by some to be the most beautiful beach along the entire east coast. It offers white sandy beaches and crystal clear waters that make it an ideal place for camping, picnicking, or swimming. At Pantai Bisikan Bayu (Beach of the Whispering Breeze), the crystal clear waters look cool and inviting! The beach offers a range of water sports, such as snorkeling, scuba diving, and not forgetting swimming. Fish lovers can also try their hand at angling. For those who are not water lovers, the beach offers rest areas with shades. They also make wonderful picnic spots. Also known as "Pantai Dalam Rhu", this beach is located approximately 50km away from Kota Bharu. Other beaches include Pantai Seri Tujuh (Beach of Seven Lagoons) and Pantai Kuda (Horse Beach).

Gua Musang

Gua Musang was actually named after the caves in the limestone outcrop that towers above the train station. "Musang" is a native civet cat that looks like a combination of a large cat and a possum, with long fur and a tail. Unfortunately, past hunters have killed most of these cave dwellers. It is possible to explore the caves, but a guide is recommended as the caves are very steep and the climb can be dangerous.

Waterfalls

By far the most popular waterfall, Jeram Pasu is situated at Kampung Pak Amat and is accessible by car. A dip in the crystal clear icy water does wonders for the spirit. Another local favorite is Jeram Lenang. Although only 12m high, it can still draw quite a large crowd. The jewel of the crown, however, is Lata Beringin. At 120m, it is the highest waterfall in the country. At the base of the waterfall, one can dip into the pool, which has proven to be very rejuvenating. The awesome view and lush surroundings make this a favourite camping site. Other falls include Jeram Tapeh and Cherang Tuli.

Wat Uttamaram

This temple is one of the oldest and prettiest Thai temples in Kelantan. It is colorful, has fanciful flame-like upturned roof ridges, and an orange and green multi-tiered roof. Large dragons entwine the verandah columns. This wat is definitely a magnificent piece of building that is worth a visit

Wat Pothivihan

In the outskirts of Kota Bharu, there is a number of Buddhist "Wats" (temples), which are reminders of the ancient Thai influence in the state. Wat Phothivihan is one fine example. Claimed to be one of the largest and most famous temples in Southeast Asia, Wat Phothivihan is situated in Kampung Jambu. The temple houses a 40m long, 11m high reclining Buddha statue. Built in 1973, it is believed to be the largest statue in the world.

Masjid Kampung Laut

About 300 years ago, Javanese Muslims built this mosque to show their gratitude after a narrow escape from pirates. Today, it is thought to be the oldest mosque in Peninsula Malaysia. It was originally located at Kampung Laut, just across the river from Kota Bharu. But the annual monsoon floods had brought about substantial damage to the wooden mosque. Hence in 1968, the mosque was relocated to a safer location. It now stands at Kampung Nilam Puri, which is a local center for religious studies. Entry into the mosque, however, is forbidden to non-Muslims.

Tumpat District / Boat Building

The Tumpat District is a major agricultural area that shares the border with Thailand. The Thai influence is thus quite strong. Small villages are scattered among rice fields and a number of interesting Thai Buddhists' temples can also be found here. Other places of interest include the beach resort at Pantai Sri Tujuh (Beach of Seven Lagoons), which happens to be the venue for the International Kite Festival.
It is also well known that the people of Kelantan are masters of the art of boat building. The secrets of this art are normally passed down from past generations. And among the many fishing villages, Tumpat town is synonymous with expert boat builders of the country. Boatmen build their boats from experience and intuition in this tiny village. In the past, some of the boats had strange and fascinating forms attached to the prows. For instance, the shape of a "Bangau" (Cattle Egret) or a "Garuda" (a Demonic Birdman, which is a remnant of Hindu influence during pre-Islamic times) were used. Boatmen believed that these talismans were able to drive away evil spirits and provide them protection during their fishing trips. In the 1950s, however, the introduction of engines saw the decline of the use of talisman, but there are some that still remain as exhibits today.

Fishing Villages

No visit to Kelantan would be complete without a trip to the fishing villages, which are also known as "the soul of Malaysia's east coast". Two of the most well known villages are Sabak Beach and Kuala Besar. To fully capture the moment, visitors should arrive no later than 4 p.m. daily (except for Fridays) when boats laden with the day's catch are first spotted on the horizon. As the boats come ashore, visitors are treated to a kaleidoscopic view of colors from their intricately carved prows. Then begins the bargaining between wholesalers and fishermen, a ritual that is noisy yet interesting. Apart from this, other related activities such as fish curing and the mending of nets can also be enjoyed.

KOta Bahru

As the capital, Kota Bharu is a good place to sample traditional Malay culture. It is also a good place to explore the surrounding countryside.

Kelantan

This northeastern state, which means the "Land of Lightning", is a wonderful treasure filled with delights. Sharing a common border with Thailand in the north, visitors have been captivated by the rustic fishing villages, verdant padi (rice) fields, and languid, palm-fringed beaches of Kelantan. It is also the cradle of Malay culture, crafts, and religion. There are numerous things to do and see here. One can watch the process of batik being made, take part in kite-flying contests, or admire traditional woodcarving techniques.
Kelantan boasts of a historical past that date as far back as prehistoric times. During the early Chinese era, Kelantan was influenced by the Indianized Funan Kingdom of the Mekong River. In fact, farming methods used in Kelantan are based on Funan practices. Even the wayang kulit (shadow puppet show), a popular form of entertainment, and weaving methods are thought to have come from Funan. Kelantan has gone on to become vassals for the Sumatran Sriwijaya Empire and the Siamese. In the 15th Century, it came under the Melaka Sultanate. It was further ruled by the sultanates of Johor and Terengganu. By the 1820s, Kelantan was one of the most prosperous states in the Peninsula as there were unlimited development. Kelantan also retained strong ties with Siam throughout the 19th Century before control was passed on to the British after the signing of the Anglo-Siamese Treaty in 1909. By 1948, Kelantan had become part of the Federation of Malaya.
One of the most conservative states in Malaysia, Kelantan is driven by the production of padi (rice), rubber, and tobacco. Fishing and livestock rearing are also important economic activities.
Getting there
By Road : Visitors can choose to travel by road, as there is an excellent network of roads linking Kelantan to major towns in the Peninsula. It takes about 7 hours from Kuala Lumpur by car. There are also regular air-conditioned express bus services from Kota Bharu, the capital city of Kelantan, to various major towns within Peninsula Malaysia. Certain buses even go all the way south to Singapore at reasonable rates.
By Rail : There are two stations in Kota Bharu. However, visitors are advised to use Wakaf Bharu Station. Express trains depart daily for various destinations throughout Kelantan and major towns in the Peninsula, right up to Singapore.
By Air : Daily flights are available to and from Penang, Kuala Lumpur, and Johor Bahru. Pelangi Air also flies daily from Kuala Lumpur to Kota Bharu.
It is relatively quite easy to get to nearby districts, as regular bus and taxi services are available from the main bus terminal

Bullock Cart Ride

Once a major means of transportation for the rich, the features that separate the bullock cart of Melaka from that of the other states are the pointed roofs in the shape of bull horns, the trappings, and colors.

Pulau Besar

Pulau Besar (Big Island) is an exotic tropical island off historic Melaka. Long associated with fascinating legends and myths, it now has an added dimension of a throbbing holiday destination with the opening of the Pandanusa Island Resort. This island is one of the unspoiled corners of the globe and with its vast span of white sandy beaches and emerald green waters, it is ideal for swimming, fishing, snorkeling, and even jungle walks.

Maritime Museum

The museum was constructed after " Flor De La Mar", the Portuguese ship that sank off the coast of Melaka on its way to Portugal. With its hull laden with invaluable treasures seized from Melaka, the ship was doomed from existence had it not been for the efforts to revive its symbolic significance to Melaka's heritage. At the museum, visitors can get a closer look at Melaka from the famed Melaka Sultanate of the 14th Century to the periods of colonization by the Portuguese, Dutch, and British. There are exhibits of foreign ships that had once called at the Port of Melaka during the height of its maritime hegemony

Proclamation of Independence Memorial

What was once the Melaka Club now stands preserved as the Proclamation of Independence Memorial where the first Prime Minister, Tunku Abdul Rahman, read the historic document in February 1956. The building was constructed in 1912 and now houses exhibits of the country's struggle for independence in the form of relics, manuscripts, videotapes, films, and slides.

A Famosa

After the Portuguese captured the city, they built a fortress to defend their position and called it A' Famosa. All that remains of it now is the entrance. The fortress itself suffered severe damages during the Dutch invasion. The Dutch later went about destroying remains of the walls. Hence, the visitor today sees only the entrance to what was once an imposing structure that defended the city from attacks.

St. Francis xavier Church

Known as the "Apostle of the East", this church was built by a Frenchman in 1849. It is dedicated to St. Francis Xavier who is well-remembered for his missionary work in spreading Catholicism to Southeast Asia in the 16th Century.

Portuguese Square

Perhaps the right phrase to infer strong affinity to Portugal would be "Mini Lisbon". Located within the Portuguese Settlement, the square is the culmination of Portuguese culture in its full splendor and colors.

Christ Church

Built in 1753, this testimony to Dutch architectural ingenuity remains standing as it has always been. Take note of the church's handmade pews. The ceiling beams were shaped from a single tree and held together without a single nail! There is also a brass bible dating back to 1759 and believed to contain scriptures from the first verse of St. John. Furthermore, there is a tombstone written in Armenian and "Last Supper" in glazed titles

The Stadthuys

The Stadthuys (Town Hall) was completed in the 1650s and functioned as the official residence of Dutch Governors and their officers. The edifice is a fine example of Dutch architecture and is the oldest standing Dutch building in the orient. This building, perhaps the best preserved of the colonial structures, now houses the Malacca Historic and Ethnography Museum. Its exhibits trace the city's history from the time of the ancient Malay kingdoms through Portuguese, Dutch, and British occupation

Malacca / Melaka

Strategically situated on the famous Straits of Malacca, about 147km south of Kuala Lumpur, Malacca (Melaka) is a place with a proud past. However, not much is known about the state until the 15th Century as there were no proper records prior to this period. According to the annals of history, it was founded by an exiled Hindu prince, Parameswara, from Palembang in Sumatra in 1402. Melaka then grew slowly but steadily to become a major trading center and port-of-call for ships from the four corners of the world. Among them were Indian-Muslim traders from India whose wealth attracted Parameswara. Not too long after, he too embraced Islam and came to be known as Megat Iskandar Shah. Hence began the Melaka Sultanate.
In 1409, Admiral Cheng Ho, "the Three-Jewel Eunuch", an envoy of the Ming Emperor, helped forged links between the state and the Middle Kingdom. Hence the beginning of a long relationship between Melaka and China. The descendants of Chinese settlers from this period came to be known as "Baba Nyonya" (Straits-born Chinese), products of a unique fusion of traditional Chinese origins and the Malay environment.
The Melaka Sultanate flourished to become the emporium of the East and its prosperity soon made it a target for the growing Portuguese empire. In 1509, a Portuguese galleon headed by De Sequeira landed at Melaka. Overwhelmed by the State's beauty and wealth, he tried to overthrow the Malay Kingdom but was thwarted by Sultan Mahmud, the leader then. However, the Sultanate eventually fell in 1511 after a Portuguese army attack lead by Alfonso De Albuquerque.
The Portuguese continued to rule Melaka against all odds until they were outclassed by the ambitious and more powerful Dutch in 1641. The Dutch spread their sovereignty and destroyed much of the Portuguese heritage in the state. But their reign was short lived as the British wrestled control in 1795. The London / Anglo Dutch Treaty of 1824 conceded the state to the British for good. Thus begun a period of British rule until the country's independence in 1957.
Despite the recent appearances of modern buildings and hotels on the periphery of the old town, Melaka still remains a historical goldmine. All cultural and architectural relics of the respective colonial eras can still be seen today.
Getting There
Melaka is easily accessible from major points of the country by road, rail, or sea. However, the most recommended means would be by road (private or public transport such as express bus services and taxis), in order to enjoy the scenic experience of traveling through tropical greens of rubber estates and palm oil plantations.

Ulu Bendol Recreational Park

What strikes a traveler in the hinterland of NS is the lush greenery and verdant forests set amidst spectacular valleys and mountains. For the hardened eco-tourist, the fascinating forestlands of NS offer spectacular scenarios and bubbly waterfalls with pristine, crystal clear waters. There are altogether six recreational parks in the state promoting eco-tourism; the most prominent of which is the Ulu Bendol Recreational Park. Located about 16km from Seremban on the Kuala Pilah-Seri Menanti route, Ulu Bendol is also the site for Mount Angsi, the highest peak in the state. The refreshing stream that meanders through the park is ideal for a dip. Picnic lovers should find this place inviting because of its shady and leafy surroundings. For the more adventurous, there are jungle trekking trails. This is also designated as the site for the Orienteering and Mount Angsi Expedition, which will take place in August 1999.
Off Road Driving
There are numerous off-road 4WD trails, especially in the forested Jelebu district. An outstanding off-road trail is located at Talang Dam in Kuala Pilah. The Talang Negeri Sembilan 4WD Adventure will be held in May 1999.

Seri Menanti Palace / Royal Museum

The Old Palace of Seri Menanti was built in 1902 to replace the original palace, which was razed in 1875 by British soldiers during the Sungai Ujong war. This was the official residence of the royal family until 1931 when it was found to be inadequate for the growing functions of the state. It now houses the Royal Museum. Designed and built by two local craftsmen and carpenters, "Tukang Kahar" and "Tukang Taib", the wooden palace or "Istana Lama" (old palace) was built without the use of a single nail or screw, and was completed in 1908. The palace, which features 99 magnificent pillars to denote the 99 warriors of various clans, is often the subject of study and research among students of the architectural field.

Seri Menanti - The Royal Town

Seri Menanti, the royal town of Negeri Sembilan, lies snugly between two hills named Bukit Tempurung. Fed by the Seri Menanti River, which flows through the two hills, Seri Menanti derived its name from an incident that happened during an expedition for a new settlement led by a chieftain named Datuk Putih. While following a legendary dragon trail, which was reputed to lead to good fortune, he came across three unusual looking bunches of padi (rice), which seemed to be 'waiting'. As such, he named the place Padi Menanti (literally 'Waiting Padi'). Datuk Putih's successor later changed the settlement's name by adding his wife's name 'Seri'. Thus the name, Seri Menanti. History has it that in 1773, Raja Melawar, a Minangkabau Prince from Pagar Ruyung in Sumatra, was proclaimed as the first ruler of NS. Fascinated by the undulating land and hills, he declared Seri Menanti as the Royal Town. Today, some sixty traditional villages of various sizes are scattered around the area supporting a population of approximately 5,474.

Negeri Sembilan

Negeri Sembilan (NS) lies in the central region of Peninsular Malaysia, just south of the state of Selangor. Seremban, the state capital, is a mere 40km from Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA). Hence, it is well connected to major towns and cities in the western coast of the Peninsula. There is also an excellent network of roads linking it to the east coast. Besides this, the Keretapi Tanah Melayu (KTM) commuter trains also services this area making it highly accessible to Kuala Lumpur. While Seremban is the state capital and administrative center, the royal capital is that of Seri Menanti.
During the height of the Malacca Sultanate in the 15th Century, the Minangkabau of West Sumatra migrated and settled in the verdant valleys of Negeri Sembilan. These settlements gradually developed into a group of 9 fiefdoms - Sungai Ujong, Rembau, Johol, Jelebu, Naning, Segamat, Ulu Pahang, Jelai, and Kelang. Hence its name Negeri Sembilan or 'Nine States'. Today, however, there are only 7 districts.
Measuring a mere 6,645 sq. km, NS comprises of picturesque valleys and plains amidst undulating hills and mountains. As the Titiwangsa range of the Peninsula tapers down towards the lowlands of Johor, the mountainous and forested terrain of the eastern part of the state gradually gives way to the gentler, undulating rubber and oil palm plantations of the western region.
Mainly an agricultural state with an emphasis on rubber and oil plantations, NS's manufacturing sector has, of late, contributed greatly towards the state's economy. The main industrial areas are Senawang, Tuanku Jaafar Industrial Park, Nilai, and Tanah Merah.
NS is the only state, which practices the tradition of "Adat Perpatih". A Sumatran tradition, Adat Perpatih is a unique custom that emphasizes on the matrilineal system where the woman is regarded as the head of the home. This code of ethic still filters through the social-culture of the people here, including the system of government.
NS is rich in culture and traditions. Colorful music, dance, and games like the Cak Limpong, Tumbuk Kalang, Dikir Rebana, Tarian Randai, and Bongai have been passed down through generations. Today, they form an integral part of NS's social lifestyle especially in the rural areas.
One should experience the unique Minangkabau style of cooking, which sees generous portions of 'chili padi' (small & extremely hot chilies) being used. Try the "Masak Lemak Chili Padi - fish, meat, or vegetables cooked in coconut milk blended with turmeric and ground chili padi. Another NS specialty is "Lemang", glutinous rice cooked in coconut milk in a bamboo stem over an open fire. This is normally served with Rendang, a deliciously thick, dry meat curry.
NS is a scenic state, which maintains a strong Minangkabau identity in its characteristic architecture that features buffalo horn shaped roofs! Besides, NS houses are perhaps the only authentic villages with wooden houses that feature double story construction. In the past, unmarried girls were normally housed on the 2nd floor while parents took up the 1st floor as a security measure. A perfect example of such architecture is the Istana Lama Seri Menanti with its elaborate hallways, multistoried structure, and spectacular carvings.
Elsewhere, the rustic villages and lush forests coupled with splendid waterfalls, cool, crystal clear streams, and rivers make NS ideal for agricultural and eco-tourism. To experience true NS hospitality, home-stay vacations can be arranged at any of the villages.

Temerloh

The Home to Ikan Patin
Temerloh a small town 133 km from Kuala Lumpur along the Kuantan - Kuala Lumpur trunk road.This town is located on thebanks of the longest river in Peninsular Malaysia known as Sungai Pahang (Pahang River )and Semantan rivers. Temerloh in local slang means 'slumber' . Now it is a fast developing town and centre of activities for the district of Temerloh.

Pekan Sehari

This is famous marketplace along the Pahang riverbank in Temerloh. The weekly market normally starts from 7 a.m. every Sunday and ends at noon. Villagers gather here with their produce. It is truly a riot when vendors and buyers haggle over prices, which are surprisingly cheaper than the town market. When in season, local fruits such as durian, rambutan, duku, mata kucing and langsat are aplenty. It is also a haven for freshwater fish lovers where patin, jelawat, baung, tenggalan, lampam, belida and kerat are readily available.

Freshwater Fish
Temerloh is famous for its freshwater fish such as patin, jelawat, baung, tenggalan, kerai, belida, and lampam. Freshwater fishes especially patin and jelawat, fetches a very good price and is always in demand. To cater for the demand of freshwater fish, the locals have started large-scale fish breeding in specially made sunken cages along the Pahang river where patin, tilapia, kerai, lampam and bawal (which resembles the piranha!) are commercially bred. Take a trip upriver and you will see a lot of these cages floating by the riverbanks.

Gunung Senyum
Gunung Senyum means Smiling Hill in English. Situated on the opposite bank of the Pahang River, the Gunung Senyum Cave System has at least 20 caves accessible to visitors including some caves, which require specialized equipment and qualified guides. Some caves are being prepared for casual visitors. Of late, scientists, naturalists and geologist undertaking studies and research projects constantly explore the caves.

Lake Bera

Lake Bera is one of only two major natural bodies of freshwater lakes in Malaysia. Lake Bera is also Malaysia's first wetland of international importance, is a freshwater swamp system approximately 7,000 hectares. The wetland, together with the surrounding rainforests, supports a wide range of animal and plant life, including some globally threatened species. Being an excellent example of a natural freshwater swamp in Southeast Asia, Lake Bera illustrates high biological diversity. This includes an array of species, including more than 200 birds, 68 mammals and 94 freshwater fishes. Lake Bera was declared a protected site under the RAMSA Convention in November 1994. About 1,400 indigenous Semalai people, a tribe of Orang Asli, live in the area surrounding the lake, some maintaining their traditional lifestyle and others have become agriculturists at the Post Iskandar settlement. An ideal place for recreational and adventure activities, Lake Bera offers excellent fishing, boating,

Mini Zoo
A Mini Zoo managed by the Department of Wildlife and National Park is about 2km from the town. It covers about 1.5 acres of land and you can find over 50 different types of animals and birds here. Visiting hours is from Monday - Friday: 10a.m. - 12:30p.m. & 2p.m. - 6:30p.m. Saturday - Sunday: 10a.m. - 6:30p.m. Entrance fee: RM1 for adults and RM0.50 for children below the age of 12. jungle trekking, orienteering and river safaris.
How to get there
You can take the express bus from KL or any other major town in Peninsular Malaysia to Temerloh. Since it is halfway on the Kuantan-Kuala Lumpur trunk road, you can never miss this quaint town.
Accommodation
Temerloh has a number of good and reasonably priced hotels. The rooms are cosy, clean and comfortable with affordable rates.

Taman Negara

Taman Negara or the national park of Malaysia is extended across the states of Pahang, Kelantan, and Terengganu. However, the most visited part of the park is located in Pahang. This superb wilderness area is a haven for endangered species such as elephants, tigers, leopards, and rhinos. Along with that, exotic snakes, lizards, monkeys, small deer and even tapirs can be found. Birds and insects can be found in abundance. The greatest reward to Taman Negara is the chance to visit one of the most pristine primary rainforests that still exists in the world!